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Biology
Gene expression: from DNA to protein
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- 1Positive factor binds the regulatory region
- 2Polymerase transcribes RNA
- 3Ribosome translates a protein
- 4Collect the protein
- RNA present
- —
- RNA completed
- —
- Proteins collected
- —
No pinned readings.
Model notes
- Gene lengths, molecular shapes and time are simplified. Do not infer real base/amino-acid sequences or protein structures; DNA rungs illustrate the double helix only.
- Transcription and translation can occur concurrently in this model. The view does not depict a nucleus or nuclear transport.
- Positive factors promote transcription initiation; negative factors can block attachment. Motion and attachment are stochastic; moving near a target does not guarantee attachment.
- Molecules move within a bounded observation region. The protein collector counts experimental products and is not an organelle. Affinity 0–1 is normalized, not a direct transcription probability.
- RNA production uses seven polymerases and produces RNA only. Completed RNA fades; the completed-RNA counter is not a concentration or a protein quantity.
- Moving molecules pauses time for precise placement. Restoration is always paused. Sessions stop at 200 molecules/RNAs or the recording limit.